Afghanistan History Home
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1 Persian Achaemeniad control
2 Greek control
3 Indian control
4 Parthian control
5 Greco-Bactrian control
6 Yüeh-Chi (Kushans)
7 Sasanid Persian rule
8 Arab muslim dynastic rule
9 Competing local dynasties
10 Seljuk Turks (Selyucids)
11 Shansabani Persians of Ghür (Ghürids)
12 Khwärezm-Shahs (Uzbekhs)
13 The Mongols
14 Sarbardarids
15 Timurids
16 Eastern Afghanistan
17 Western Afghanistan
18 Independent Afghanistan under the Hotaki Khans
19 Return of the Safavid Persians
20 Shah Nader's Persian Empire and the unifying of Afghanistan
21 Independent Afghanistan under the House of Durrani
22 House of Baraksay
23 Republic of Afghanistan: The presidency of Sardar Mohammad Daud Khan
24 Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
25 Russian occupation
26 Civil war: Post-Russian occupation
27 Civil war: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
28 Taliban rule
29 Post-Taliban rule
  
  
  Updated November 2001
  Compiled by Dr Kevin Vang © 2001
  Website by Ahmet Bektas (web ).
21.0 INDEPENDENT AFGHANISTAN UNDER THE HOUSE OF DURRANI
1747-1772 Shah Ahmad Khan Abdali Durrani (commander of Nader's personal bodyguard, Head of the Abdali Tribe of the Durrani Clan), Returns to Kandahar where he is declared Shah over the Afghan Provinces. Expanded the Empire that was lost after Nader's death. Took Lahore in 1752, Herat in 1753, Delhi in 1757 and Panipat in 1762. At his death the Empire streched frm Mashad to the Punjab including all of Afghanistan. Dies 1772.
1772-1793 Timur Shah (son): Weak leader. Loses much of the Indian territory. Constantly forced to quell rebellions. Shifts capital for Kandahar to Kabul. Dies 1793.
1773-1835 Afghanistan undergoes a state of constant civil strife and divisions into local principalities.
1793 Zaman Shah (Timur's fifth son): Siezes the throne with the help of Sardar Payenda Khan of the Barakzay Clan. While Zaman was campaigning in India, the Persian Shah Fath Ali enticed Zahman's brother Mahmud to rebel. Mahmud with the help of Fath Khan Barakzay seizes Kandahar and Kabul. Zahman returns from India to quell the rebellion but is deposed by Mahmud in 1800.
1800 Mahmud Shah (brother, 1rst time) He in turn is deposed by his brother Shoja who seized Kabul with the help of rival chiefs.
1800 Shah Shoja (brother, 1rst time) Afghanistan's unity begins to crumble with increased internal strife and threats from the Punjabi Sikhs in the East and the Persians in the West. Napolean proposes an alliance with Alexander I of Russia to take Afghanistan and India, and the British sign a Treaty of Friendship with Afghanstan in 1809 in Peshawar offset the threat. While in Peshawar, Mahmud and Fath Khan Baraksay seize Kabul. Shoja tries to regain it but he is defeated. Goes into exile, June 17, with the British in Ludhiana.
1810 Mahmud Shah (2nd time); The powerful Barakzay pose a strong threat to the Durrani. Mahmud has Fhat Khan killed. Driven to Herat in 1818
1816 Herat captured by Persians for a short time, but soon repelled.
21.1 CIVIL WAR
*1818-1826 Civil War between Durrani tribe and Baraksai tribe. In 1818 Dost Mohammad (Fhat Khan's younger brother) seize Peshawar, Kabul, Ghazna, and Jalalabad, and drive the Durrani to Herat. Balkh is seized by the ruler of Bukhara. The Indus Valley Districts includingKashmir (1819) Peshawar (from the Barakzay) are seized by the Sikhs. Kandahar, Sind and Baluchistan claim independence.
 

© 2001 by Kevin Vang

Website by Ahmet Bektas (web)